Lab 6.2.4 Configuring an Email Client

Mike Putri

06477/2008

Step 1: Open Microsoft Outlook 

a. From the Start menu, select All Programs. Locate the Microsoft Office software. 

b. Select Microsoft Office Outlook as the email program. If your computer does not have the Microsoft Office software, there are many free email software packages available on the Internet. Search the Internet to find a free email client that can be installed on your computer. The following instructions may vary depending on your email client.

Step 2: Set up an email account 

a. When you first start Microsoft Outlook, a screen appears with Email Upgrade Options. You can choose to import email messages or address books from another account. Because this is your first email account, select the Do Not Upgrade button. 

b. The next screen is the Email Accounts screen where you are asked if you want to configure an email account. Click Yes. 

c. If Outlook has already been installed and setup for e-mail previously, you can start the Outlook application and click Tools, E-Mail Accounts and then select View or change existing e-mailaccount to see how the existing account is set up.

Step 3: Enter POP3 e-mail account information 

a. The next screen requires the user of the new account to fill in information. Enter your name and email address. Your can get your email address from your Internet provider. NOTE: If you do not have a real ISP email account, this step can be treated as a simulation. Just enter the information requested to become familiar with the process of creating an email account. 

b. Enter your server information. Contact your Internet provider to locate the server information for the incoming and outgoing mail servers. Usually Internet providers put this information on their website in their help section. 

c. What is your incoming (POP3) mail server?

Jawaban : Pop3.yahoo.com 

d. What is your outgoing (SMTP) mail server?

Jawaban : Smtp.yahoo.com 

e. Enter your username and password. Do not check the box to remember your password. This option is used when only one person uses the computer. If anyone else were to use the computer, they could easily gain access to all of the information in your email. 

f. Click the Test Account Settings button. If everything is correct, the screen displays that the test was successful. If not, correct your information and try again. NOTE: If this is a simulation, the test will not be successful and you can go to Steps 4 and 5. 

g. Test your new account by sending an email to a friend in class.

Step 4: (Optional) Add another account or change an account 

a. Open Microsoft Outlook. From the Tools menu, select Email Accounts. 

b. In this screen, you can.

Jawaban: yes, I can.

Step 5: Reflection 

a. What are the advantages or disadvantages to using email over regular postal mail?

Jawaban : advantages: Each mail server receives and stores mail for users who have mailboxes configured on the mail server. Each user with a mailbox must then use an email client to access the mail server and read these messages.  Mail servers are also used to send mail addressed to local mailboxes or mailboxes located on other email servers. Dan bisa mengirim file dalam ukuran besar. Disadvantages: interface kurang menarik. 

b. What are the advantages or disadvantages to using email over an instant messaging program?

Jawaban : advantages: mudah digunakan karena lebih familiar, fasilitas lengkap dan  IM client to authenticate to the IM network. Once logged into the server, clients can send messages to other clients in real-time. In addition to text messages, IM supports the transfer of video, music and speech files. IM clients may have a telephony feature, which allows users to make phone calls over the Internet. Additional configuration can be done to customize the IM client with “Buddy Lists” and a personal look and feel. Disadvantages: kadang jaringan memblok akses ini atau tidak mensuportnya , besar file yang dapat ditransfer juga tidak terlalu besar 

c. With a partner, discuss five (5) recommendations for email etiquette that should be considered when emailing friends and business colleagues.

Lab 6.2.3 Exploring FTP

Mike Putri

06477/2008

Step 1: Examine FTP from the command prompt 

a. Click the Start button, select Run, type cmd on the command line, and then click OK. 

b. At the prompt, type ftp to start the FTP application. The prompt changes. 

c. From the ftp prompt, type ? to see a list of the commands that can be used in this mode. 

d. List three FTP commands. 

e. At the prompt, type help put to see a short description of the put command. 

f. What is the purpose of the put command?

Jawaban : untuk membantu user jika ada kesalahan yang terjadi 

g. Use the help command again to get the purpose of the get, send, and recv commands. get, send, recv . NOTE: The original FTP commands were PUT to send a file to an FTP server and GET to download a file from the FTP server. You also had to select ASCII or binary file mode. If you download a binary file in ASCII mode it could end up being corrupted. Some of the newer graphical programs now use send and receive in their place. 

h. Partner with another student. Using procedures demonstrated in previous labs, write down the names and IP addresses of each partner computer. It is very important to get these names correct. Some FTP applications allow you to use either the IP address or the computer name.

Step 2: Use a GUI FTP client or web browser 

a. If you are using a web browser as the FTP client, open the web browser and type ftp://ip_address_of_FTP_server. If the FTP server is configured to use an anonymous userID, connect directly to the FTP server. Using the FTP client, download an available file from the server. 

b. If you are using a GUI FTP client, open the application. For most FTP clients, you must configure a new connection by giving it a name, the IP address of the FTP server, and a username and password. You may have to type anonymous if the FTP server allows this type of connection. Some applications have a checkbox that allows an anonymous login. When you have configured the connection, connect to the FTP server and download a file. 

c. What is the name of the file you downloaded from the FTP server?

Jawaban: bluetooth.doc 

d. List one example of when FTP might be beneficial to a computer technician.

Jawaban: The Transfer Protocol (FTP) provides an easy method to transfer files from one computer to another. A host running FTP client software can access an FTP server to perform various file management functions including file uploads and downloads. The FTP server enables a client to exchange files between devices. It also enables clients to manage files remotely by sending file management commands such as delete or rename. To accomplish this, the FTP service uses two different ports to communicate between client and server.

Step 3: (Optional) Use both an FTP server and client 

a. If you control both the FTP server and client, practice sending files to and getting files from the client and the server. 

b. Show your transferred files to another group of students 

c. Close the FTP server and client applications.

Lab 6.2.1 Observing DNS Name Resolution

Mike Putri

06477/2008

Step 1: Observe DNS conversion 

a. Click the Start button, select Run, type cmd, and then click OK. The command prompt window appears. 

b. At the command prompt, type ping www.cisco.com. The computer needs to translate www.cisco.com into an IP address so it knows where to send the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) packets. Ping is a type of ICMP packet. 

c. The first line of the output shows www.cisco.com converted to an IP address by DNS. You should be able to see the effect of DNS even if your school has a firewall that prevents pinging, or if Cisco has prevented people from pinging their web server. 

d. Which IP address is shown on the screen?

Jawaban : 60.254.176.170 

e. Is it the same as the one shown in the figure? Why do you think this occurred?

Jawaban : Ya. www.cisco.com adalah domain name systemnya sedangkan 60.254.176.170 adalah alamat fisiknya. 

f. Work together with another student and discuss one or two other instances (besides the ping command) in which the computer would use DNS.

Step 2: Verify DNS operation using the nslookup command 

a. At the command prompt, type the nslookup command. 

b. What is the default DNS server being used?

Jawaban : ChaceDNS-JKT2.telkom.net.id 

c. Notice how the command prompt changed. This is the NSLOOKUP prompt. From this prompt, you can enter commands related to DNS. 

d. At the prompt, type ? to see a list of all the available commands that you can use in NSLOOKUPAddress: 203.130.196.5 mode. 

e. Write three commands that you can use with NSLOOKUP 

f. At the NSLOOKUP prompt, type www.cisco.com. 

g. What is the translated IP address?

Jawaban : 60.254.176.170 

h. Is it the same as the IP address shown with the ping command?

Jawaban : Tidak 

i. At the prompt, type the IP address of the Cisco web server that you just found. You can use NSLOOKUP to get the domain name of an IP address if you do not know the URL. Using the previous procedures, find an IP address associated with www.google.com. 

Jawaban : 64.233.181.106, 64.233.181.147, 64.233.181.99, 64.233.181.103, 64.233.181.104, 64.233.181.105

Step 3: Identify mail servers using the nslookup command 

a. At the prompt, type set type=mx to have NSLOOKUP identify mail servers. 

b. At the prompt, type www.cisco.com. 

c. What is the primary name server, the responsible mail address, and the default Time to Live (TTL)? 

Jawaban : e144.cd.akamaiedgenet

d. At the prompt, type exit to return to the regular command prompt. 

e. At the prompt, type ipconfig /all. 

f. Write the IP addresses of all the DNS servers that your school uses. 

Jawaban : IP address: 1.1.18.33 dan DNS server: 203.130.196.5 dan 203.130.206.250 

g. Type exit to close the command prompt window.

Step 4: Reflection 

a. If your school did not have a DNS server, what effect would this have on your use of the Internet? 

Jawaban : Request time out. 

b. Some companies do not dedicate a single server for DNS. Instead, the DNS server provides other functions as well. Which functions do you think might be included on a DNS server? Use the ipconfig/all command to help you with this.

Lab 5.1.4 Using the Windows Calculator with Network Addresses

Mike Putri

06477/2008

Step 1: Access Windows Calculator and determine mode of operation 

a. From the Start button menu, select All Programs > Accessories, and click on Calculator. An alternate method of starting the Calculator application is to access the Start menu, click on Run, type calc and press Enter. Try both methods. 

b. Once the Calculator application opens, select the View menu option. 

c. Which mode [Standard | Scientific] is currently active? 

Jawaban : Mode yang sedang aktif sekarang adalah Scientific 

d. Select the Standard mode. This is a basic mode for simple calculations. How many mathematical functions are available in this mode?

Jawaban : Fungsi matematika yang ada pada Standart model adalah 7 fungsi matematika

Step 2: Convert between number systems 

a. Access Scientific mode. Notice the number system modes available—Hex (Hexadecimal), Dec (Decimal), Oct (Octal), and Bin (Binary). 

b. Which number system is currently active?
Jawaban : System bilangan yang sedang aktif pada model Scientific adalah  Decimal. 

c. Which numbers on the number pad are active in Decimal mode?
Jawaban : Bilangan yang aktif adalah : 

Click on the Bin (Binary) mode radio button. Which numbers on the number pad are now active?

d. Why do you think the other numbers are grayed out?
Jawaban : bilangan yang berwarna buram membuktikan bahwa bilangan tersebut tidak aktif untuk binery. Karena bilangan pada binery hanya 0 dan 1. 

e. Click on the Hex (Hexadecimal) mode radio button. 

f. Which characters on the number pad are now activated?
Jawaban : karakter yang aktif pada bilangan hexadecimal adalah: 

g. Click on the Dec radio button. Using your mouse, click on the number 1 followed by the number 5 on the number pad. The decimal number 15 has now been entered. Click on the Bin radio button.

h. What happened to the number 15 listed in the textbox at the top of the window? 
Jawaban : Ketika decimal aktif saya mengetikan angka 15 kemudian saya tukar dengan Binery maka angka 15 berubah menjadi 1111. 

i. By selecting different modes, numbers are converted from one number system to another. Select Dec mode again. The number in the window converts back to decimal. Select the Hex mode. 

j. Which hexadecimal character (0 through 9 or A through F) represents decimal 15? 
Jawaban : pada Hexadecimal yang mempresentasika 15 adalah F 

k. Clear the number 15 in the window. Select Dec mode again. Not only can the mouse be used to enter numbers, but the numerical keypad on the keyboard as well as numbers on the keyboard can also be used. Using the numerical keypad to the right of the ENTER key, type the number 22. Note that if the number does not enter into the calculator, press the Num Lock key to enable the numeric keypad. While the number 22 is showing in the calculator, use the number keys across the top of the keyboard to add a 0 to the number 22 (220 should now be on the calculator). Select the Bin radio button. 

l. What is the binary equivalent of 220? J
Jawaban : Decimal 220 equivalent dengan 11011100 pada binery

m. Clear the number 220 in the window. From Binary mode, type in the following binary number: 11001100. Select the Dec radio button. 

n. What is the decimal equivalent to the binary number of 11011100? 
Jawaban : Binery 11011100 equivalent dengan 220 Decimal

o. Convert the following decimal numbers to binary.

Decimal	Binery
86	1010110
175	10101111
204	11001100
19	10011

p. Convert the following binary numbers to decimal.

Decimal	Binery
11000011	195
101010	42
111000	56
10010011	147

Step 3: Convert host IP addresses 

a. Computer hosts usually have two addresses, an Internet Protocol (IP) address and an Ethernet Media Access Control (MAC) address. For the benefit of humans, the IP address is normally represented as a dotted decimal notation, such as 135.15.227.68. Each of the decimal octets in the address or a mask can be converted to 8 binary bits. Remember that the computer only understands binary bits. If all 4 octets were converted to binary, how many bits would there be?

Jawaban : jika jumlah semua ada 4 oktet maka ada 32 bit yang terbentuk karena 1 oktet terdiri dari 8 bits.

b. IP addresses are normally shown with four decimal numbers ranging from 0 to 255 and separated by a period. Convert the 4 parts of the IP address 192.168.10.2 to binary.

Decimal	Binary
192	11000000
168	10101000
10	00001010
2	00000010

c. Notice in the previous problem how the 10 converted to only four digits and the number 2 converted to only two digits. When IP addresses can have any number from 0 to 255 in each position, eight digits are normally used to represent each number. In the previous example, eight digits were needed to convert 192 and 168 to binary, but 10 and 2 did not need as many digits. Normally 0s are added to the left of the digits to have eight digits in binary for each IP address number. The number 10 would be shown as 00001010. Four extra zeros are added to the front of the other four binary digits.

d. On the calculator in Binary mode, enter the digits 00001010 and select the Dec radio button.

e. Which decimal number is equivalent to 00001010?

Jawaban : 00001010 ekuivalen dengan 10 pada decimal

f. Did adding “leading” zeros affect the number any?
Jawaban : Tidak karena 0 di depan tidak mempunyai pengaruh di dalam pengkonversian.
g. What would the number 2 (in the previous example) be if you were to make it eight digits?
Jawaban : karena pada IP address satu octet harus berisikan 8 digit bilangan biner.

Step 4: Convert host IP subnet masks 
a. Subnet masks, such as 255.255.255.0, are also represented as dotted decimal. A subnet mask will always consist of four 8-bit octets, each one represented as a decimal number. With the exception of decimal 0 (all 8 binary zeros) and decimal 255 (all 8 binary ones), each octet will have some number of ones on the left and some number of zeros on the right. Convert the 8 possible decimal subnet octet values to binary.

Decimal	Binary
0	00000000.00000000.00000000.00000000
128	11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000
192	11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
224	11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
240	11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
248	11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
252	11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
254	11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000
255	11111111.11111111.11111111.11111111

b. Convert the four parts of the subnet mask 255.255.255.0 to binary.

Jawaban : 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000

Step 5: Convert broadcast addresses 
a. Computer hosts and network devices use broadcast addresses to send messages to all hosts. Convert the following broadcast addresses.

Address	Binery
IP broadcast255.255.255.255	11111111.1111111.11111111.11111111
MAC broadcastFF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF	11111111.1111111.11111111.11111111

Step 6: Convert IP and MAC addresses for a host 
a. Click the Start button, select Run, type cmd, and press Enter. From the command prompt, type ipconfig /all.
b. Make a note of the IP address and physical address (also known as a MAC address). IP Address:
Jawaban : 
IP addressnya adalah 192.168.193.71
MAC Address : 00-17-C4-23-43-FE 
c. Using the calculator, convert the four numbers contained in the IP address to binary.

Decimal	Binary
192	11000000
168	10101000
193	11000001
71	01000111

d. The MAC or physical address is normally represented as 12 hexadecimal characters, grouped in pairs and separated by dashes (-). Physical addresses on a Windows-based computer are shown in a format of xx-xx-xx-xx-xx-xx, where each x is a number from 0 to 9 or a letter from a to f. Each of the hex characters in the address can be converted to 4 binary bits which is what the computer understands. If all 12 hex characters were converted to binary, how many bits would there be? 
Jawaban : Jika ada 12 karakter hexadecimal maka akan ada 96 bilangan biner yang terbentuk. 

e. Convert each of the hexadecimal pairs to binary. For example, if the number CC-12-DE-4A-BD-88-34 was the physical address, convert the hexadecimal number CC to binary (11001100). Then convert the hexadecimal number 12 to binary (00010010) and so on. Be sure to add the leading zeros for a total of 8 binary digits per pair of hex digits.

Hexadecimal	Binery
CC	11001100
12	00010010
DE	11011110
4A	01001010
BD	10111101
88	10001000
34	00110100

Step 7: Manipulate powers of 2 to determine the number of hosts on a network

a. Binary numbers use two digits, 0 and 1. When you calculate how many hosts can be on a subnetwork, you use powers of two because binary is being used. As an example, we have a subnet mask that leaves six bits in the host portion of the IP address. In this case, the number of hosts on that network is 2 to the 6th power minus 2 (because you need a number to represent the network and number that can be used to reach all the hosts—the broadcast address). The number 2 is always used because we are working in binary. The number 6 is the number of bits that are used for the host bits.  
b. On the calculator, in Dec mode, input the number 2. Select the x^y key, the key which raises a number to a power. Input the number 6. Click on the = key, press Enter on the keyboard, or press the = key on the keyboard—all give the total. The number 64 appears in the output. To subtract two, click on the minus (-) key and then the 2 key followed by the = key. The number 62 appears in the output. This means 62 hosts could be utilized.  
c. Using the previously described process, determine the number of hosts if the following number of bits are used for host bits.

No. of Bits Used forHosts	No. of Hosts
5	30 hosts
14	16382 hosts
24	16777214 host
10	1022 hosts

d. Using a similar technique as learned previously, determine what 10 to the 4th power equals.

Jawaban : Hasilnya adalah 9998

e. Close the Windows Calculator application.

Step 8: (Optional) Determine the network number and number of hosts based on subnet mask 
a. Given the IP network address of 172.16.203.56 and a subnet mask of 255.255.248.0, determine the network portion of the address and calculate how many hosts can be created from host bits left.  
b. Start by converting the 4 octets of the decimal IP address to binary and then convert the decimal subnet mask to binary. Remember to include leading zeros when converting to binary in order to make a total of 8 bits per octet.

Decimal IP addressand subnet mask	Binary IP address and subnet mask
172.16.203.56	10101100.00010000.11001011.00111000
255.255.248.0	11111111.11111111.11111000.00000000

c.Align the 32 bits of the subnet mask to the 32 bits of the IP address and compare them. The bits in the IP address that align with the ones bits in the subnet mask represent the network number. What is the binary and decimal network number for this IP address? Determine the binary address first (include all 32 bits) and then convert it to decimal.
Binary network address:
Jawaban :

10101100.00010000.11001011.00111000

11111111.11111111.11111000.00000000
10101100.00010000.11001000.00000000

Decimal network address:

Jawaban : 172.16.200.0

d. How many ones bits are in the subnet mask?Jawaban : Subnetmask = 2ⁿ = 2³=8 

e. How many bits are left for host bits?  Jawaban : Host = 2ⁿ-2= 2⁵-2= 30 f.  How many hosts can be created with the bits left? Jawaban : Host =2ⁿ-2= 2¹¹-2= 2046

Step 9: Reflection  a. List one other thing for which you might use the Windows Calculator scientific mode. It does not have to be related to networking. Jawaban : Windows Calculator dapat digunkan untuk operasi Matematika dan  operasi Gerbang logika.

Lab 4.5.5 Testing UTP Cables

Mike Putri

06477/2008

Step 1: Set up the Fluke 620 LAN CableMeter
a. On the Fluke 620 meter, turn the rotary switch selector on the tester to the WIRE MAP position.
b. Press the SETUP button to enter the setup mode and observe the LCD screen on the tester.  Press the UP or DOWN arrow buttons until the desired cable type of UTP is selected. Press ENTER to accept that setting and go to the next one. Continue pressing the UP/DOWN arrows and pressing ENTER until the tester is set to the following cabling characteristics.
Tester Option Desired Setting - UTP
CABLE : UTP
WIRING : 10BASE-T OR EIA/TIA 4PR
CATEGORY: CATEGORY 5
WIRE SIZE: AWG 24
CAL TO CABLE? NO
BEEPING: ON or OFF
LCD CONTRAST: From 1 through 10 (brightest)
c. Once the meter is set up, press the SETUP button to exit setup mode.

Step 2: Test Cabling Procedure
a. For each cable to be tested use the following procedure. Place one end of the cable into the RJ-45 jack labeled UTP/FTP on the tester. Place the other end of the cable into the RJ-45 female coupler, and then insert the cable identifier into the other side of the coupler. The coupler and the cable identifier are accessories that come with the Fluke 620 LAN CableMeter.
 
Step 3: Use the Wire Map meter function
a. The Wire Map function and a Cable ID Unit can be used to determine the wiring of both the near and far end of the cable. The top set of numbers displayed on the LCD screen is the near end, and the bottom set is the far end. Perform a Wire Map test on each of the cables provided. Fill in the following table based on the testing results for
each Category 5 cable. For each cable, write down the identifying number of the cable and the cable color. Also write down whether the cable is straightthrough or crossover, the tester screen test results, and a description of the problem.

Step 4: Use the Length meter function
a. Using the tester LENGTH function, perform a basic cable test on the same cables used previously. Fill in the additional information for each cable.

Step 5: Test data jack and patch panel terminations for wire map, length and mis-wire (optional)
a. Using the data jack and patch panel cable from the previous lab, connect one end of one of the straight-through Ethernet patch cables to the data jack outlet and one end of the other straight- through cable to the jack at the patch panel.
b. Insert the opposite end of one of the cables into the Fluke 620 and the other into the coupler and cable identifier. Check for wire map, length and mis-wire from end to end through the patch cables, the data jack, and the patch panel. Did the cable run test good from end to end?  What were the results?

Step 6: Reflection
a. If you were on a job and did not have a cable meter to test, what other methods can be used?

Lab 4.5.4 Terminating UTP Cables

Mike Putri

06477/2008

Step 1: Strip the sheath 
a. Remove the cable sheath 2.54 cm (1 inch) from the end of the cable.

 

Step 2: Position wires in data jack

Position wires in the proper channels on the RJ-45 jack maintaining the twists as close to the jack as possible. The diagram that follows shows an example of how to place the wires with one type of jack.

Most jacks have the channels color-coded to indicate where the wires go. The following photo of the jack shows one model. Jacks are typically stamped to indicate whether they are T568A or T568B
Step 3: Punch down the data jack

a. Use the punch tool to push conductors into the channels. Make sure to position the cutting side of the punch tool so that it faces the outside of the jack. If this is not done, it will cut the wire being punched. Try tilting the handle of the punch tool a little to the outside, so it will cut better.

b. If any wire remains attached after using the punch tool, simply twist the ends gently to remove them. Then place the clips on the jack, and tighten them. Make sure that no more than 1.27 cm (one half inch) of untwisted wire is between the end of the cable jacket and the channels on the jack.

Step 4. Attach the faceplate. 

a. Snap the jack into the faceplate by pushing it from the back side. Make sure when this is done, that the jack is right-side up so the clip faces down when the wall plate is mounted.

b. Use the screws to attach the faceplate to either the box or to the bracket. If there is a surfacemounted box, keep in mind that it might hold 30-60 cm (1-2 feet) of excess cable. Then it will be necessary to either slide the cable through the tie-wraps, or pull back the raceway that covers it, in order to push the excess cable back into the wall. If there is a flush-mounted jack, all that is needed is to push the excess cable back into the wall.

Step 5: Punch down the patch panel 

a. On the opposite end of the cabling, remove the jacket 2.54 cm (1 inch) from the cable.

b. Lay the wires down in the patch panel so that the colors of the wires correspond exactly to the colors indicated on the pin locations in the same manner as the data jack was punched down.

c. Keep the sheath within .64 cm (¼ inch) of where the wires begin branching out to their pin locations.
d. Do not untwist the wires more than necessary to lay them down at the pin locations. A good way to keep from untwisting too much is to hold down the wires next to the patch panel with one finger while using the other hand to pull apart each end as you lay it across the connector.
e. The following figure shows a large punch down patch panel with carefully routed cabling.

Step 6: Test the data jack and patch panel terminations with a basic cable tester (optional)
a. Obtain two straight-through Ethernet patch cables and verify they both function properly using a simple cable tester.

b. Connect one end of one of the straight-through Ethernet patch cables to the data jack outlet and one end of the other straight-through cable to the jack at the patch panel.

c. Insert the opposite ends of the two cables into a simple cable tester and check for continuity from end to end through both patch cables, the data jack, and the patch panel. Did the cable run test good from end to end? Jawaban : Yes. If not, try to analyze where the problem is and repeat  the connections if possible with another wall jack and patch panel port

Step 7: Reflection (optional) 

a. Take a tour of a wiring closet that contains patch panels and punch-down blocks. Was there any other type of devices that might use similar techniques to attach wires? What do you think attaches to these cables?

Jawaban : wifi card, modem dll. Ternyata koneksi dengan menggunakan kabel memiliki speed yang lebih cepat dari pada menggunakan wifi.

b. What do you think are some of the drawbacks and advantages of having a job installing network cabling? Jawaban : dengan teknik pengkabelan kita dapat merasakan keuntungan: speednya lebih cepat dari pada wifi, sedangkan kekurangannya: sulit untuk pemasangan kabel untuk area gedung yang luas dan banyak memakan biaya.

Lab 4.5.3 Building Straight-Through and Crossover UTP Cables

Mike Putri

06477/2008

Part A: Build and test an Ethernet straight-through patch cable

Step 1: Obtain and prepare the cable

a. Determine the length of cable required. This could be from a device such as a computer to the device to which it connects (like a hub or switch) or between a device and an RJ-45 outlet jack. Add at least 30.48 cm (12 in.) to the distance. The TIA/EIA standard states the maximum length is 5 m (16.4 ft.). Standard Ethernet cable lengths are usually .6 m (2 ft.), 1.83 m (6 ft.), or 3.05 m (10 ft.).

b. Which length of cable did you choose and why did you choose this length?

Jawaban : 6m (2 ft) 

c. Cut a piece of cable to the desired length. Stranded UTP cable is commonly used for patch cables (the cables between an end network device such as a PC and an RJ-45 connector) because it is more durable when bent repeatedly. It is called stranded because each of the wires within the cable is made up of many strands of fine copper wire, rather than a single solid wire. Solid wire is used for cable runs that are between the RJ-45 jack and a punch-down block.

d.  Using wire strippers, remove 5.08 cm (2 in.) of the cable jacket from both ends of the cable.

Step 2: Prepare and insert the wires 

a. Determine which wiring standard will be used. Circle the standard. [T568A | T568B] 

b. Locate the correct table based on the wiring standard used. 

c. Spread the cable pairs and arrange them roughly in the desired order based on the standard chosen. 

d. Untwist a short length of the pairs and arrange them in the exact order needed by the standard. It is very important to untwist as little as possible. The twists are important because they provide noise cancellation. 

e. Straighten and flatten the wires between your thumb and forefinger. 

f. Ensure the cable wires are still in the correct order as the standard. 

g. Cut the cable in a straight line to within 1.25 to 1.9 cm (1/2 to 3/4 in.) from the edge of the cable jacket. If it is longer than this, the cable will be susceptible to crosstalk (the interference of bits from one wire with an adjacent wire). 

h. The tang (the prong that sticks out from the RJ-45 connector) should be on the underside pointing downward when inserting the wires. Insert the wires firmly into the RJ-45 connector until all wires are pushed as far as possible into the connector.

Step 3: Inspect, crimp, and re-inspect 

a. Visually inspect the cable and ensure the right color codes are connected to the correct pin numbers. 

b. Visually inspect the end of the connector. The eight wires should be pressed firmly against the end of the RJ-45 connector. Some of the cable jacket should be inside the first portion of the connector. This provides strain relief for the cable. If the cable jacket is not far enough inside the connector, it may eventually cause the cable to fail. 

c. If everything is correctly aligned and inserted properly, place the RJ-45 connector and cable into the crimper. The crimper will push two plungers down on the RJ-45 connector. 

d. Visually re-inspect the connector. If improperly installed, cut the end off and repeat the process.

Step 4: Terminate the other cable end 

a. Use the previously described steps to attach an RJ-45 connector to the other end of the cable. 

b. Visually re-inspect the connector. If improperly installed, cut the end off and repeat the process. 

c. Which standard [T568A | T568B] is used for patch cables in your school? 

Jawaban: [T568A]

Step 5: Test the cable 

a. Using a cable tester, test the straight-through cable for functionality. If it fails, repeat the lab. 

b. (Optional) Use the cable to connect a PC to a network. 

c. (Optional) Click the Start button and select the Run option. 

d. (Optional) Type cmd and press Enter. 

e. (Optional) From the command prompt, type ipconfig. 

f. (Optional) Write down the default gateway IP address.

Jawaban : 255.0.0.0

g. (Optional) From the command prompt, type ping followed by the default gateway IP address. If the cable is functional, the ping should be successful (provided that no other network problem exists and the default gateway router is connected and functional).

Part B: Build and test an Ethernet crossover cable

Step 1: Obtain and prepare the cable 

a. Determine the length of cable required. This could be from a hub to a hub, hub to switch, switch to switch, computer to router, or from one computer to another computer. Add at least 30.48 cm (12 in.) to the distance. Which length of cable did you choose and why did you choose this length? 

b. Cut a piece of cable to the desired length and, using wire strippers, remove 5.08 cm (2 in.) of the cable jacket from both ends of the cable.

Step 2: Prepare and insert the T568A wires 

a. Locate the T568A table at the beginning of the lab. 

b. Spread the cable pairs and arrange them roughly in the desired order based on the T568A standard. 

c. Untwist a short length of the pairs and arrange them in the exact order needed by the standard. It is very important to untwist as little as possible. Twists are important because they provide noise cancellation. 

d. Straighten and flatten the wires between your thumb and forefinger. 

e. Ensure the cable wires are in the correct order based on the standard. 

f. Cut the cable in a straight line to within 1.25 to 1.9 cm (1/2 to 3/4 in.) from the edge of the cable jacket. If it is longer than this, the cable will be susceptible to crosstalk (the interference of bits from one wire with an adjacent wire). 

g. The tang (the prong that sticks out from the RJ-45 connector) should be on the underside pointing downward when inserting the wires. Insert the wires firmly into the RJ-45 connector until all wires are pushed as far as possible into the connector.

Step 3: Inspect, crimp, and re-inspect 

a. Visually inspect the cable and ensure the right color codes are connected to the correct pin numbers. 

b. Visually inspect the end of the connector. The eight wires should be pressed firmly against the RJ-45 connector. Some of the cable jacket should be inside the first portion of the connector. This provides for cable strain relief which can eventually cause the cable to fail. 

c. If everything is correctly aligned and inserted properly, place the RJ-45 connector and cable into the crimper. The crimper will push two plungers down on the RJ-45 connector. 

d. Visually re-inspect the connector. If improperly installed, cut the end off and repeat the process.

Step 4: Terminate the T568B cable end 

a. On the other end, use the previously described steps (but use the T568B table and standard) to attach an RJ-45 connector to the cable. 

b. Visually re-inspect the connector. If improperly installed, cut the end off and repeat the process. 

c. Which standard [T568A | T568B] would you rather use at home if you have or would like to have a home network?

Step 5: Test the cable

a. Using a cable tester, test the crossover cable for functionality. If it fails, repeat the lab.

b. Use the cable to connect two PCs.

c. On both computers, click the Start button and select Run.

NOTE: If the Run command is unavailable on your PC, visually check the LED status lights on the NIC card. If they are on (usually green or amber) the cable is functional.

d. On both computers, type cmd and press Enter.

e. On both computers from the command prompt, type ipconfig.

f. Write the IP address of both computers.

Computer 1:

Computer 2:

g.    From the command prompt of one computer, type ping followed by the IP address of the other computer. If the cable is functional, the ping should be successful. Do the ping on the other computer as well.

NOTE: The Windows Firewall on the target computer must be temporarily disabled for the ping to be successful. Refer to Lab 3.1.5 if you need help with this. If you disable the firewall, be sure to re-enable it.

Step 6: Reflection 

a. Which part of making these cables did you find the most difficult? Compare your views with a classmate. 

b. Are all four pairs of cables twisted the same amount? Discuss the reasons why or why not.

Jawaban : Tidak. Setiap kabel memiliki perbedaan tersendiri. 

c. Ask a local business or check a site such as http://www.workopolis.com/ to see how much a beginning cable installer earns and which criteria they look for in a cable installer. Write the information you discover in the space provided. 

d. Many technicians keep a crossover cable in their toolkit. When do you think that you would use a crossover cable and when do you think a network technician would use this cable?

Jawaban : kabel cross digunakan untuk menghubungkan 2 perangkat yang berbeda.